Tell Me a Story

Tell me a story about pirates or gladiators or war. I want to hear about damsels in distress and adventure in the Old West and perhaps a jungle expedition on the side. Back in the 50s, I could have found all of these tales under one title: EC Comics.  The short sequential stories had pizzazz and presented the best of so many worlds. I hesitate to say that sort of storytelling doesn’t really exist anymore – I am far from knowing about everything on the shelf – but if it does, I’m not noticing it in the stacks at my comic shop. At least, not on a regularly published basis covering the vast array of topics that EC Comics captured.

Why aren’t there more comics presented like digests? I love buying hardcover anthologies with overreaching themes but containing different stories and voices throughout the pages. I’d like to see that translated to an issue format. Besides the appeal of variety for the readers, I feel like such publications would be full of opportunities for creators. Different tales, different artists, different perspectives – it seems like a win-win situation.

One disadvantage of EC Comics for me is that the pages constantly feature the same writers, artists, and letters. The consistent layout, design, and overall appearance are pleasing to the eye, but the steady style can wear a bit thin. If the stories were serial, starring the same characters and continuing a plot, I’d feel differently. In that case, I want the creative team to be the same. The flow is better. But for as often as EC Comics changes up the genre and type of story, I’d prefer differences. I realize the same team and formula (for lack of a better word) led to their success. I don’t know if that would work today, but I believe a compendium showcasing different creative teams absolutely would.

Besides the assortment of adventures, the length of the narratives in EC Comics is a selling point. I often read that the internet in general and social media are wearing down our attention span day by day. We talk in 140 characters or less and microblog instead of blogging (and we blogged instead of writing books). The trend might not be as drastic as it’s made out to be, but it is undeniably present. We may even be getting too antsy to read 22-page comic books. That’s a sad statement, but given that we’re being pushed towards smaller and smaller bites, comics like any of EC’s with several stories per issue have appeal.

You get variety, and you get digestible stories. If you can’t sit still enough to read 6-8 pages of a comic, I don’t know what to tell you. You can jump from spy stories to treasure hunts to mutiny on the high seas. It’s like flipping through channels on the television but with actual satisfaction. EC Comics had that part down, and I’d love to see another publisher do something similar.

Preserved Wood

Legendary comic-book artist Wallace Wood’s life came to a tragic end with his suicide in 1981, putting a .44 magnum to his temple in a shabby Van Nuys, California, apartment at the age of 54. Wood, who made a name for himself in the 1950s with an astounding body of work for EC Comics on magazines like TALES FROM THE CRYPT, TWO-FISTED TALES, WEIRD SCIENCE, CRIME SUSPENSTORIES and MAD, had struggled both personally and professionally in the final years of his life, battling kidney failure, partial blindness and a lifelong fight with alcoholism, a downward spiral described in some detail in the biography WALLY’S WORLD: THE BRILLIANT LIFE AND TRAGIC DEATH OF WALLY WOOD, THE WORLD’S SECOND-BEST COMIC BOOK ARTIST, written by Steve Starger and J. David Spurlock.

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Starger and Spurlock do a fine job of taking us behind the scenes of Wood’s life, following the lineage of his parents and attempting to explain psychologically the causes for some of the fears and neuroses that would shadow Wood throughout his life, tracing his perfectionism and bristling at authority figures to a distant, disapproving father. Wood’s three failed marriages are also explored, as well as his lifelong relationship with his first wife Tatjana (a name which may sound familiar to you ’70s comics fans, as she did a great deal of coloring work for DC back in the day).

Lavishly illustrated with plenty of examples of Wood’s work for everyone from EC to Marvel to DC, the book ultimately somewhat fails to satisfy. Part of the problem is the authors’ curious decision early on to go off on a lengthy tangent about Scandinavian mythology, followed by an even longer discussion about Wood’s grandparents, which while interesting enough in laying the groundwork for Wood’s childhood, holds off the reader even longer from truly feeling they’re getting to know the subject. Also, the book jumps around the chronology of his career quite a bit, with the result that sometimes Wood’s emotional reactions to certain work is described before the work has even been discussed. Wood’s infamous work on the explicitly violent 1962 Topps MARS ATTACKS! trading card set, for example, is alluded to numerous times before it’s ever explained that he did the work. It’s as if the authors expect us to know the highlights of Wood’s career going in, which is never the way you should handle a biography.

The biggest problem, though, is the amazingly shoddy editing. We’re not just talking about typos, either. There are dangling sentence fragments, missing and repeated words, and unfinished sentences throughout. There really is a lot to recommend in this book, new insights into Wood, his work and the comic-book industry of the 1950s, a period not as frequently focused on as the Golden Age of the ’40s or the Silver Age ’60s. It’s a shame that the many typographical errors so often take the reader out of the moment. Hopefully a second edition will see these errors corrected. For all its faults, WALLY’S WORLD is likely the most thorough examination of Wally Wood’s life and work that we’re going to get, and he deserves better than this.

Luckily, a much more fitting tribute to the amazing work of Wally Wood has just been released from IDW Publishing: WALLY WOOD’S EC STORIES ARTIST’S EDITION.

The IDW ARTIST’S EDITIONS are a marvelous innovation from IDW Editor Scott Dunbier, in which the original comics artwork from some of comics’ greatest artists is reproduced not ony in high-resolution but at the full size of the originals, allowing the reader to admire the original work as it appeared on the artist’s drawing board: every brush stroke, every eraser mark. What makes this edition particularly mind-blowing is the fact that Wood worked on a larger sheet of paper, resulting in the book coming in at a staggering 15″ x 22″.  Can’t get your head around it? Take a look at the pic below for comparison:

It’s a marvelous book, and a proper tribute to one of the best comics artists to ever put ink to paper. Now you just need to find a bookshelf big enough for it…

 

The 10-Cent Scare

Author David Hajdu is interviewed about his book The Ten Cent Scare: The Great Comic Book Scare and How It Changed America:

Jud Meyers’ ReTales – A Ray in the Night

I met Ray Bradbury in a dark basement in the suburbs of Long Island. He hit me on the head with a tremendous force and sent me reeling backwards through a plywood door and into an old washing machine. I sat stunned on the floor of my mother’s laundry room, listening to the growl of the churning clothes and staring into the darkness, frightened.

You are a child in a small town. You are, to be exact, eight years old, and it is growing late at night…

I’d been reaching for the very top of the vast bookcases my mother had rigged under the house, grabbing blindly for the next “Encyclopedia Brown” adventure. Mom had introduced me to these wonderful “choose your own” adventure books that summer and I couldn’t get enough of them. My fingertips grazed Mr. Brown, but knocked Mr. Bradbury loose instead.

There were hundreds of books on those shelves, in stark contrast to my father’s house across the country, its rooms devoid of the written word in any form. She packed them atop wooden slats held up by large cinderblocks. They were in no discernable order, which made it all the more exciting. What’s a book really, without the thrill of the hunt preceding it?

If my brother were there, he’d have easily grabbed it for me. Older, taller, stronger. He had gone back to our father when the summer came to an end while I chose to stay behind for good and all. I missed him.

Skipper is your brother. He is your older brother. He’s twelve and healthy, red-faced, hawk-nosed, tawny-haired, broad-shouldered for his years, and always running. He is over on the other side of town this evening to a game of kick-the-can and will be home soon. You both sit there listening to the summer silence and staring out into the dark, dark, dark.

My head was bleeding a bit and it throbbed something awful, so I stayed there on the floor awhile, listening to the hard-at-work clothing and cracking open this angry, violent book that had attacked me. Its cover alone brought the room a sudden chill.

The story was called “The Night” and it took me altogether by surprise. It was my first experience reading a story where what the author chose to say was almost as emotionally charged as what he didn’t. It spoke to me. It spoke to my life experience up until that point. I stopped after every page, looking up and half expecting the author to be standing in front of me, laughing.

The basement was my place. I’d turned it into a sanctuary, complete with bed, television and the requisite stacks of comic books. I spent most of my time down there (much to my mother’s dismay). Sure, it was spooky, but what isn’t when you’re a young boy?

It had been many years since I’d really lived with my mother. She got my brother and I for the brilliant summers, but the rest of the year was reserved for my father and his off-kilter existence.

I suppose we were still getting to know each other. Being a father now, I can’t begin to imagine how difficult it was for her, sending us off on a plane at one end of a year and seeing us return on the other, stretched, sprouted, transformed.

You and your mother are all alone at home in the warm darkness of summer. The town is so quiet and far off, you can only hear the crickets sounding in the spaces beyond the hot indigo trees that hold back the stars…

My father was devastated when I called to tell him that I wasn’t coming home. He felt ambushed, betrayed. I tried to explain that I wanted to just “be with mom for awhile,” but that wasn’t altogether true. How could I tell him how stifled I felt in our house? How little promise there was in its illiterate rooms? How little wonder?

I couldn’t put into words how frightened I was to leave him and to let go of my brother’s hand. But I also couldn’t bring myself to explain how empowered I felt taking my mother’s.

“I wonder where your brother is?” Mother says after a while. “He should be home by now. It’s almost nine-thirty.” Mom sits down a moment, then stands up, goes to the door, and calls.

“Skipper. Skipper. Skiiiiiipperrrr.” Her calling goes out into the summer warm dark and never comes back. The echoes pay no attention.

And as you sit on the floor, a coldness goes through you. You notice mom’s eyes sliding, blinking; the way she stands undecided and is nervous. All of these things.

You take her hand. Together you walk down St. James Street. In the back of the church a hundred yards away, the ravine begins. You can smell it. It has a dark sewer, rotten foliage, thick green odour. A jungle by day. A place to let alone at night.

You are only eight years old, you know little of death, fear or dread. Death is your little sister one morning when you awaken at the age of seven, look into her crib and see her staring up at you with a blind blue, fixed and frozen stare until the men come with a small wicker basket to take her away. Death is when you stand by her high chair four weeks later and suddenly realize she’ll never be in it again, laughing and crying, and make you jealous of her because she was born. That is death.

I had read five pages and I was terrified, mesmerized, giddy and dreadfully sad. Five pages! It felt like fifty.

Some of the greatest stories are the shortest. The greatest television shows. The greatest movies. And of course, the greatest comics.

 

The Ravine.

Here and now, down there in that pit of jungled blackness is suddenly all the evil you will ever know. Evil you will never understand. All of the nameless things are there. Later, when you have grown you’ll be given names to label them with. Here at this spot, civilization ceases, reason ends, and a universal evil takes over.

You realize you are alone. You and your mother. Her hand trembles. Is she, too, doubtful? Does she, too, feel that intangible menace? Is there, then, no strength in growing up? No solace in being an adult?

If you should scream now, if you should holler for help, would it matter?

Thank God for storytellers who can write such short, sharp, shocks that reach out and grab the lapels of young readers and old alike. Who don’t belittle those still developing minds. Who push the boundaries and inspire them to work their imaginations that little bit harder.

It is indeed a seduction of the innocent. A beckoning into a greater understanding of not just the world, but of themselves. Sometimes, what’s required actually is a “snare,” an “enticement” and a “charming attraction” to coax growing minds to blossom. And sometimes, it isn’t just the light that makes them grow. Sometimes, it’s a hint of the dark.

 

There are a million small towns like this all over the world. Each as dark, as lonely, each as removed, as full of shuddering and wonder. The secret damp ravines. Life is a horror lived in them at night, when at all sides sanity, marriage, children, happiness, are threatened by an ogre called death.

Mother raises her voice into the dark. “Skip. Skipper!” she calls. Suddenly, both of you realize something is wrong. Something very wrong.

It is as if the whole ravine is tensing, bunching together its black fivers, drawing in power from all about sleeping countrysides, for miles and miles. In ten seconds now, something will happen. The crickets keep their truce, the stars are so low you can almost brush the tinsel. There are swarms of them, hot and sharp.

Growing, growing, the silence. Growing, growing, the tenseness. Oh it’s so dark, so far away from everything. Oh God!

At this point, I was huddled into a tiny ball, fingers jammed into my mouth as I tore my fingernails to shreds. I put the book down in my lap and considered throwing it into the corner and leaving the basement forever. Is this what reading is?! Is this what I have to look forward to? Constant anxiety about the next page, paragraph, word?

I cried. I cried for my parental tug-of-war. For my loneliness. For my brother, not there to look up to. For my sister, long since passed, who I would never, ever know. I cried, not knowing why.

And of course, I read on.

And then the quick scuttering of tennis shoes padding down through the pit of the ravine. Your brother, Skipper. “Hi mom! Hey!”

She puts away her fear, instantly. You know she will never tell anybody of it, ever. It will be in her heart though, for all time, as it is in your heart, for all time.

You walk home to bed in the late summer night. You are glad Skipper is alive. Very glad. You go to bed, shivering, beside your brother. You smell the sweat of Skip beside you. It is magic. You stop trembling.

Nine pages. The story was nine pages long. It was fierce and breathtaking and I was completely exhausted. It was everything a good novel should be. It had everything it was supposed to have. And it was over in a heartbeat.

Obviously, I went on to read every single piece of fiction Bradbury ever put to paper. And I carry those damn spaceship dreams to the very present day. But that night?

That night, I put the book down and went upstairs to the kitchen. I hugged my mother and helped her make dinner. I called my brother and told him I missed him. I sent my father love, even though he wouldn’t come to the phone. And I thought of my sister and all of the many wonderful things I would never fully understand.

 

 

 

 

Having an Impact

After the debacle of the Senate hearings on juvenile delinquency and the EC comic-book witch-hunt, Bill Gaines had to drastically revise his publishing line, since the newly instituted Comics Code forbade practically all of the titles he had previously been offering, with words like “horror,” “crime,” and “shock” now strictly forbidden.

Gaines’ more adult-oriented “New Direction” comics made their debut in late 1954/early 1955, featuring titles like PIRACY, PSYCHOANALYSIS, VALOR, M.D. and IMPACT.  And it was in IMPACT #1 that can be found the first EC story I ever read, and the one that to this day is burned in my memory like the first time I ever saw it: Bernie Krigstein’s “Master Race.”

When I was a kid, there were no EC Comics collected editions available anywhere, and in the small town where I grew up, you just didn’t see old comic books from the fifties lying around. So my first and only exposure to EC came at my local library, which in 1981 got a copy of <I>A Smithsonian Book of Comic-Book Comics,” a hardbound collection of significant comics, or as editors Michael Barrier and Martin Williams put it, “a statement about the comic book at its best.” And their choices are spot-on.

Along with the historically necessary first appearances of Siegel & Shuster’s Superman and Bill Finger and Bob Kane’s Batman, the book contains a Jack Cole Plastic Man story, a wonderful C.C. Beck Captain Marvel story, some John Stanley Little Lulus, a Carl Barks Donald Duck, some Walt Kelly Pogo stories, several of the best Will Eisner Spirit stories, and an excellent selection of EC offerings, including the aforementioned “Master Race.”

I was drawn to the book for its Captain Marvel and Plastic Man stories, but soon discovered the incredible charm of the Pogos and the Lulus, and the sheer genius of the Eisners. But the EC stories scared me. They were dark, and serious. And even more disturbing, they felt real, and none more so than “Master Race.”

Written by editor Al Feldstein and designed and drawn by Krigstein, “Master Race” tells the story of a man on a subway who recognizes a fellow passenger from their mutual, terrible past in a Nazi concentration camp. As told in a haunted second-person narration, the story cuts back and forth between the protagonist’s guilty furtive glances at the man from his past and his memories of the horrible atrocities of the Nazi death camps. As the reader recoils at the horrors revealed, the mass graves, the ovens, the medical experimentation, the terrible point is made clear, as the fellow passenger recognizes the protagonist in turn:

As the tension mounts, Krigstein begins to divide the action into smaller and smaller panels, ratcheting up the tension in a manner unlike most EC Comics, which had a very strict and established storytelling grid, and using artistic devices such as the repetition of images to express the rapidity of motion.

Even today, some five decades later, you’d be hard-pressed to find a more keen understanding of what makes comics storytelling work. It’s shocking, it’s visceral and grimly satisfying in the end. EC at its best.

 

The Glamorous and The Grisly

EC Comics were released in a different era. You can flip the page and go from slinky dresses to swank mansions and fancy décor to splattered blood and diced body parts. My stack of comics today is sadly lacking in this area. Few characters dress with such Madmen-esque style in the modern day of jeans and tennis shoes. We definitely don’t shy away from the gore in current stories; pages are sometimes covered in limbs. It’s not the same though.

EC Comics have a great combination of panache and murder that I’ve yet to see in any other stories. I’m attracted to the tales in the same way I’m drawn to the glamorized stories of the Mafia. Maybe it’s because it shows that even elegant people suffer from delusions, or maybe it’s just the sight of a bitter woman in an evening gown with an axe.

Speaking of the ladies, females do tend towards certain roles in EC Comics. Given the times when the comic was published, that’s not such a surprise. It was the time of the housewife wearing dresses while cleaning, after all. Wives are often labeled as shrews and made out to be nagging, horrible creatures. Often may be an overstatement. But. The ladies get their moments, too. They turn the tables around. In one of my favorite stories, “The Neat Job” from Shock SuspenStories #1, a wife finally has enough of her husband’s obsessive neat freak behavior and exacts perfect revenge.

In his workshop, the husband has labeled bottles of nails, screws, and all sorts of hardware. The wife chops her husband into tiny pieces and stuffs them into the jars. She crosses out his handwriting and labels each jar accordingly: fingernails, eyeballs… you get the idea. We’re not going to analyze what liking this story says about me.

But I digress. The tone of “The Neat Job” captures a lot of what I’m enjoying about EC Comics. Sure, I like the part about gruesome vengeance, but the background the story is set against makes the difference. This couple is obviously well to do; they live in a veritable mansion. They dress nicely. Just under the surface however, there’s a touch of crazy that ends in crime. It’s not quite an everyday setting, but it’s near enough that you start to look at seemingly normal people with suspicion. Especially the wealthy ones.

EC Comics Confidential

A passage from Ron Mann’s excellent documentary COMIC BOOK CONFIDENTIAL, covering the rise and fall of EC Comics:

EC Comics and the Comics Code Authority: Reduction of the Innocent, Part III

Snappy Answers to Stupid Questions

While other publishers provided testimony during the Senate hearings, the two central figures in the debate were Wertham and Gaines. Wertham, a respected psychiatrist, had impressive credentials, and he was seen as an expert in the field of comics and juvenile delinquency.

Gaines, by contrast, was the most outspoken of the four publishers who testified, but he did himself no favors during the hearings. Gaines’ testimony, scheduled for the morning, was delayed until the late afternoon, after Wertham got a chance to make his case, and the publisher suffered for it. Gaines’ biographer stated that Gaines was taking diet pills, and by the late afternoon, the medication caused fatigue that affected his testimony. Whatever the cause, the result was that Gaines’ matter-of-fact denials about questions of poor taste in comics fell flat. Gaines repeatedly stated that he thought comics were harmless entertainment, not necessarily good for kids but not harmful, either.

 

 

Gaines was publicly lambasted. His famous exchange with a Senator over whether or not a CRIME SUSPENSTORIES cover featuring a severed head was done in good taste (Gaines, admittedly lethargic from cold medicine, was backed into a corner and replied in a monotone that he thought it was in good taste, for a horror comic) was only the most publicly damning bit of coverage to come out of the hearings. Wertham was given a pass in the media, despite the fact that his book consisted largely of conjecture and opinion and that he misrepresented some of the comic stories he excoriated during the hearings.

 

 

Public sentiment turned against Gaines seemingly overnight as newspaper and television broadcast the “severed-head exchange” for all to see and hear. Gaines, and by proxy the comics industry, was seen as a group of amoral profiteers out to make a living at the expense of children’s welfare.

Gaines left the hearings in shock, knowing that he had done more damage than good. But still he fought to keep his comics free from censorship. While he was forced to cancel many of his comics due to their very titles containing now-banned words, he refused to join the newly created Comics Code Authority. But this stance was fatal to EC Comics — many distributors now refused to touch comics that didn’t carry the Code stamp of approval on their covers. Gaines persevered for a time despite constant haranguing by Code authorities, but EC published its last comic book in 1956.

Gaines tried other ventures, but none panned out. His one remaining bright spot was MAD magazine, which sold well throughout the hearings and beyond, and has outlived Gaines and is still being published in the 21st century.

In 2006 Gemstone Publishing undertook the monumental task of producing newly recolored, hardcover reprints of all the EC material, so new generations can see these trailblazing, creatively stunning stories in their full glory.

 

Up to Code

 

Following EC’s demise, publishers continued to adhere to the Comics Code with only a few notable exceptions. In 1971, the Department of Health, Education and Welfare approached Marvel’s Editor-in-Chief Stan Lee to produce a comic book about drug abuse. However, depictions of drug use of any kind were outlawed by the code. Lee published the comics (AMAZING SPIDER-MAN #s 96-98) without the code.

The advent of comic-book specialty stores in the 1980s decreased the industry’s dependency on newsstand distribution, which allowed for the advent of more code-free comics being offered from smaller publishers. Finally, in 2001, the code’s relevance reached its nadir, when Marvel Comics officially withdrew from the Comics Code Authority and instead instituted their own ratings system. Today, DC Comics’ children’s line and Archie Comics are the only publishers still submitting their comics for code approval.

Through it all, the comic-book industry itself managed to live up to the standards set by many of the heroes who appear on its four-color pages: every time it’s been knocked out and left for dead, it has managed to right itself and live to fight another day. And such was the case here. The advent of the code led publishers like National, with their wide range of uncontroversial superhero titles, to create more and more superhero comics that appealed to an ever-increasing range of readers.

The loss of EC Comics is not easily measured but is profoundly felt. While the larger industry survived and even prospered, one can only imagine what Gaines, Feldstein and their unparalleled stable of artists might have accomplished had they been allowed to continue their work.

Give Everyone EC Comics

We all know people who haven’t read any comics. For some it’s a willful, snobby refusal to read books full of pictures. If you have the will to try to get those people to see the light, you’re a better (and more patient) person than me. A lot of people just don’t know where to start. The comic-book medium is a bit intimidating to a newcomer. I mean, I only took my first step into the larger world of comics six or so years ago. After reading through some of the EC Comics archives, I feel like I’ve found a solid, non-superhero recommendation for friends looking to pick up a comic for the first time.

The biggest draw for EC Comics for me is all the different titles. You can dive into science fiction, crime, horror, adventure, westerns, or even the downright bizarre. I hesitate to say there’s something for everyone because even though the genres are different, the writing style and art is similar since the same creators often worked on everything. Still, I feel like most people will be drawn to at least one of the titles. I prefer the Weird Science and Shock SuspenStories over the horror ones, but I see parallels between all of them.

The quality of the art and writing have broad appeal, and anyone who enjoyed the pulp era of sci-fi novels will be thrilled when they see the pages. And the stories aren’t really dated. Sure, the clothing and sets reveal a different time period, but stories about time travel or revenge or science experiments gone wrong don’t have an expiration date.

Another bonus is that the stories are rarely sequential. You can jump from issue to issue and skip around without losing anything. You can choose an aspect of the genre which suits you and dive in and not need to know dozens of issues worth of backstory to know what’s going on and to enjoy it. I count it as a huge plus as a reader, especially one who is testing the waters.

EC Comics are full of solid stories that make you react. You don’t need another reason beyond that to pick them up. However, they’re also a slice of comic-book history. In a time when everyone was trying to hit on the next Superman, EC Comics broke off and developed new genres in comics. They became trend-setters other publishing companies followed. I’m glad these books were slid in front of me, and I’m looking forward to making others stay awake later than they should reading them.

Al Feldstein Talks EC

EC editor/writer Al Feldstein discusses being called before the Senate during the Fifties juvenile delinquency panic.

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